Coffee Academy

Coffee roasters vary in almost every way from extremely technical to very simple.  The cost varies as greatly as the styles you can choose from.   Certain manufactures are trusted to make a quality product and these are not always the most expensive.  But in addition to quality and cost there are other factors to be considered.

What part will you play in the process?

Some roasters are designed very simply and leave more of the technical work to you.  They merely serve as the heating device while you are responsible for measuring and mixing to get the desired result.

The simple models seal tightly to keep the heat and steam inside.  They have a handle specifically made to allow you to swirl the beans and the steam keeping everything in motion so that the beans do not cook to the bottom and the heat is evenly distributed. 

Even in this simple set up, be sure to look for ones that have a thermometer in the lid. Temperature control is important for proper roasting.

At the other extreme are roasters that do it all for you. Pop in a pre-determined volume of green beans from a bag, close the lid and walk away for a few minutes.

This sophisticated type of roaster has everything built in and removes all guess work.  It has a temperature gage which constantly monitors the heat and adjusts itself accordingly. There is no need for stirring because there are built in mechanics that keep the hot air circulating and the beans in perfect motion.  These models even shut themselves off when the beans are ready.

Even the fanciest high tech roasters or coffee makers do nothing for the inevitable cloud of smoke in the room that goes along with roasting coffee.

Efficient air circulation and heat

Air roasters work by rotating hot air in through the beans while also keeping the beans in motion.  This will roast your coffee beans evenly and in some models even clean away the unwanted residue left over when the shell of the bean expands and bursts.

Most allow you to watch the process through a glass exterior, to judge the degree of desired roast. Frequently they have pre-set amounts on the dial ranging from light to dark.

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From its origins in Ethiopia, where the main coffee production is still from wild coffee tree forests, coffee consumption has spread throughout the world. But because of its requirement for ample sunshine and rain, the plants from which beans are produced grow only in tropical or sub-tropical regions.

Though it is enjoyed around the world it is produced only in areas close to the equator.  This product is harvested on a grander scale than almost all other products.

Columbia is known for its great coffee.  Because of this you might think that they are the majority of all copy produced comes from Columbia.  But surprisingly that is not the case.  The majority of all coffee in the world comes from Brazil.  They produce 28% of all the coffee consumed.  Columbia is the second largest producing 16% of the coffee consumed in the world.  Next is Indonesia at 7% and then Mexico at 4%.

Part of the coffee trees prejudice is that it prefers areas of high altitude.  That being said the tree has been acclimated to produce fairly well in other areas as well.

In Brazil, the plantations cover huge areas and employ hundreds of workers to tend the plants. In Colombia the rugged mountains and poor economic conditions mean transportation to processing centers is still largely carried out by mule or Jeep.

Can anything grow on a volcano?  Coffee sure can.  The Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii proves to the perfect location for coffee trees to thrive.  The hot tropical sun and afternoon rains make for the perfect environment.

The islands of Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi in Indonesia produce a great deal of the world’s coffee and have for many, many years.  Like Columbia, their methods are primitive, but this does not hinder the growth of hundreds of acres of coffee trees or their production.

Plantations in Mexico, by contrast to Brazil, are primarily small farms but with over 100,000 of them the total still makes the country a serious factor on the world market. Most are located in the south, in Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas with the special Altura beans indicating their origin in the high altitudes.

Vietnam in recent years has rapidly been challenging Indonesia’s position as the Tonkin area recovers from decades of stagnation. First planted with arabica trees in the mid-19th century by French missionaries, the small plantations now produce robusta, one of the two main types of plant.

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Long ago it was realized that there was a way to enjoy a cup of coffee that you love without the caffein that you wish to avoid.  It has become a very common thing to decaffeinate coffee.   Does the decaffeinating process change the flavor of the coffee?  Can you tell the difference? 

If processed and prepared well, studies have proven that there is very little difference in the taste of regular coffee drinks and decaffeinated coffee.  What is the decaffeinating process? 

One necessary step for removing caffeine is exposing the coffee beans to hot water and then passing them through methylene chloride. 

When picked from the tree the coffee beans is removed from its fruit and rinsed thoroughly to remove the pulpy fruit from the bean.  

The beans are then washed thoroughly then soaked in methylene chloride.  Most people are unaware how much exposure to water their coffee has had before they receive it. 

Because of the processing that the coffee beans go through at times the taste may be altered a bit.  It may be more due to the process than the lack of caffeine that makes you notice a difference in the flavor. 

To decaffeinate the beans using chemicals they must first be steamed to open up the pores of the beans.  This allows the caffeine to be pulled from the bean when soaked in methylene chloride.    

Another method is to place the beans in hot water for a longer period of time.  After several hours the beans can be removed.   The time in the hot water pulls the flavor and the caffeine out of the bean and into the water.  Then the methylene chloride is added to the water to remove the caffeine from the water.  The beans are then returned to the water to so that the flavor that still remains in the water can be reabsorbed into the beans.  

In another decaffeinating process charcoal is used instead of methylene chloride.  The beans are placed in hot water for hours and then removed the same as with the process described above.  However, this time to remove the caffeine from the water the water is strained over charcoal.  The caffeine from the water binds to the charcoal so that the beans can be replaced in a caffeine free bath in full flavored water.

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